Frames and machines like pliers and wrenches use pin connections to create mechanical advantage—they allow a small applied force at one point to produce a much larger force at another. This is especially helpful when we need to exert forces that would be difficult or impossible with our bare hands, such as tightening bolts or gripping pipes.
The pin joints act as pivots, allowing different members of the frame to rotate and transfer forces efficiently.
As in the case of the pliers, the input force (from our hand) travels through rigid links and pivots, generating a greater output force at the jaws due to the geometry and relative lengths of the members—shorter output arms and longer input arms multiply the applied force.
This principle is the same behind levers and is fundamental to machines like wrenches, clamps, scissors, and even robotic arms.
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